JointsAid declares its five ingredients as a single 1,398 mg proprietary formulation. You get the running order by weight and nothing beyond it — no individual quantity for any of them. The four below draw the most questions, either because they carry the most research or because they carry a caution.

Glucosamine
Glucosamine sulfate
A building block the body produces on its own and uses in the tissue that cushions and lubricates a joint. Supplemental glucosamine is normally manufactured from shellfish shells, though corn-fermented material exists; JointsAid does not state which it uses.
What the research examines. It has been tested in more trials than anything else in this category and argued over just as much. Some large independent studies reported a benefit in more painful knees while others found nothing above placebo, and no one treats the matter as closed.
Worth knowing. If shellfish is a problem for you, ask the manufacturer about the source before ordering. Do not read plant based on the marketing and assume it covers this.

Turmeric
Curcuma longa root
The rhizome that colors curry. Its active fraction, curcumin, ranks among the most examined plant compounds in the literature.
What the research examines. Human trials look at joint comfort and at an inflammatory response already within the normal range. Absorption is the persistent difficulty: curcumin on its own is taken up poorly unless something is done to assist it.
Worth knowing. It can add to the action of a blood thinner and may unsettle a sensitive stomach at higher intakes. Worth raising with a prescriber.
A sulfur compound occurring in trace amounts in plants and in the human body, and a near-standard companion ingredient in joint formulas.
What the research examines. A small set of short controlled trials in knee discomfort and in post-exercise soreness. The direction encourages; the sample sizes and durations do not allow a firm conclusion.
Worth knowing. Tolerated well by most people. Mild digestive upset is the usual complaint and it generally settles.

Boswellia Serrata
Indian frankincense resin
Resin tapped from a tree native to India, in use in Ayurvedic practice for centuries before anybody designed a trial around it.
What the research examines. Among the five, this holds some of the steadier human findings for joint comfort and morning stiffness. The studies stay small, and because each uses a different standardized extract the results do not transfer neatly from one to another.
Worth knowing. It sits on the list of botanicals capable of interacting with a blood thinner. The same conversation with a prescriber applies.
Quercetin is the fifth. A dietary flavonoid from onions, apples and capers. Its antioxidant activity is firmly described; the work on inflammatory signaling sits largely in cell and animal models rather than in people. It appears with the rest in the homepage panel.